Improving soybean yield by pH management

For soybean, the best pH level is 6. At low pH values, toxicity of aluminum and manganese problems may occur, reducing the roots and plant development.

In Brazil, increases of soybeans yield in limed soils has been observed as a result of the pH increases, reduction of Al and Mn toxicity, increased absorption of N, P, K and S, and the supply of Ca and Mg.

The use of lime, to increase the soil pH, and gypsum to improve the soil structure and the calcium saturation, will help on yield increases. The sulfur added by gypsum complex free aluminum, reducing the toxicity to the plants. 

A good soil structure is essential for a good root development and growth - the soybean is sensitive to soil compaction. 

Plants density and spacing along with crop rotation will help boost the soybean yield because of the decrease in diseases, pests and weeds incidence.

Weed control is essential to ensure a good crop establishment; pests and diseases control minimize the damage to roots and foliar area.